276 lines
5.1 KiB
Markdown
276 lines
5.1 KiB
Markdown
# Unified API Gateway Design
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**Date**: 2025-01-27
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**Purpose**: Design document for unified API gateway
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**Status**: Design Document
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---
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## Executive Summary
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This document outlines the design for a unified API gateway that will serve as a single entry point for all workspace projects, providing centralized authentication, rate limiting, and API versioning.
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---
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## Architecture Overview
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### Components
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1. **API Gateway** (Kong, Traefik, or custom)
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2. **Authentication Service** (Keycloak, Auth0, or custom)
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3. **Rate Limiting Service** (Redis-based)
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4. **API Versioning** (Path-based or header-based)
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5. **Monitoring & Logging** (Prometheus, Grafana, Loki)
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### Architecture Diagram
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```
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Client
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↓
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API Gateway (Kong/Traefik)
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├── Authentication Layer
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├── Rate Limiting
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├── Request Routing
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└── Response Aggregation
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↓
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Backend Services
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├── dbis_core
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├── the_order
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├── Sankofa
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└── Other services
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```
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---
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## Features
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### 1. Authentication & Authorization
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**Methods**:
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- JWT tokens
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- API keys
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- OAuth2/OIDC
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- mTLS (for service-to-service)
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**Implementation**:
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- Centralized authentication service
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- Token validation
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- Role-based access control (RBAC)
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- Permission checking
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### 2. Rate Limiting
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**Strategies**:
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- Per-user rate limits
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- Per-API rate limits
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- Per-IP rate limits
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- Tiered rate limits (free, paid, enterprise)
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**Storage**: Redis for distributed rate limiting
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### 3. API Versioning
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**Strategy**: Path-based versioning
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- `/v1/api/...`
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- `/v2/api/...`
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**Alternative**: Header-based (`Accept: application/vnd.api+json;version=2`)
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### 4. Request Routing
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**Features**:
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- Path-based routing
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- Header-based routing
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- Load balancing
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- Health checks
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- Circuit breakers
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### 5. Monitoring & Observability
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**Metrics**:
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- Request rate
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- Response times
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- Error rates
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- Authentication failures
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- Rate limit hits
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**Logging**:
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- All requests logged
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- Structured logging (JSON)
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- Centralized log aggregation
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---
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## Technology Options
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### Option 1: Kong Gateway (Recommended)
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**Pros**:
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- Feature-rich
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- Plugin ecosystem
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- Good documentation
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- Enterprise support available
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**Cons**:
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- More complex setup
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- Higher resource usage
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### Option 2: Traefik
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**Pros**:
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- Kubernetes-native
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- Auto-discovery
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- Simpler setup
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- Lower resource usage
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**Cons**:
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- Fewer built-in features
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- Less mature plugin ecosystem
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### Option 3: Custom (Node.js/TypeScript)
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**Pros**:
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- Full control
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- Custom features
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- Lightweight
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**Cons**:
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- More development time
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- Maintenance burden
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**Recommendation**: Kong Gateway for production, Traefik for simpler setups
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---
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## Implementation Plan
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### Phase 1: Basic Gateway (Weeks 1-2)
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- [ ] Deploy API gateway (Kong or Traefik)
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- [ ] Set up basic routing
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- [ ] Configure SSL/TLS
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- [ ] Set up monitoring
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### Phase 2: Authentication (Weeks 3-4)
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- [ ] Integrate authentication service
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- [ ] Implement JWT validation
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- [ ] Set up RBAC
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- [ ] Test authentication flow
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### Phase 3: Rate Limiting (Weeks 5-6)
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- [ ] Set up Redis for rate limiting
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- [ ] Configure rate limit rules
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- [ ] Implement tiered limits
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- [ ] Test rate limiting
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### Phase 4: Advanced Features (Weeks 7-8)
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- [ ] API versioning
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- [ ] Request/response transformation
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- [ ] Caching
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- [ ] WebSocket support
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### Phase 5: Migration (Weeks 9-12)
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- [ ] Migrate dbis_core to gateway
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- [ ] Migrate the_order to gateway
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- [ ] Migrate Sankofa to gateway
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- [ ] Migrate other services
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- [ ] Complete testing
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---
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## Configuration Example
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### Kong Gateway Configuration
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```yaml
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services:
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- name: dbis-core
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url: http://dbis-core:3000
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routes:
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- name: dbis-core-v1
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paths:
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- /v1/dbis
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plugins:
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- name: rate-limiting
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config:
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minute: 100
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hour: 1000
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- name: jwt
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config:
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secret_is_base64: false
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```
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### Traefik Configuration
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```yaml
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http:
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routers:
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dbis-core:
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rule: "PathPrefix(`/v1/dbis`)"
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service: dbis-core
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middlewares:
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- auth
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- rate-limit
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services:
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dbis-core:
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loadBalancer:
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servers:
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- url: "http://dbis-core:3000"
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```
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---
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## Security Considerations
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### Authentication
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- JWT tokens with short expiration
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- Refresh token rotation
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- Token revocation
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- Secure token storage
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### Rate Limiting
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- Prevent DDoS attacks
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- Protect against abuse
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- Fair resource allocation
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### Network Security
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- mTLS for service-to-service
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- WAF (Web Application Firewall)
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- DDoS protection
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- IP whitelisting (optional)
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---
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## Monitoring & Alerting
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### Key Metrics
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- Request rate per service
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- Response times (p50, p95, p99)
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- Error rates
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- Authentication failures
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- Rate limit hits
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- Gateway health
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### Alerts
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- High error rate
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- Slow response times
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- Authentication failures spike
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- Rate limit exhaustion
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- Gateway downtime
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---
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## Success Metrics
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- [ ] Single entry point for all APIs
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- [ ] Centralized authentication operational
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- [ ] Rate limiting functional
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- [ ] 80% of projects migrated to gateway
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- [ ] 50% reduction in authentication code duplication
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- [ ] Improved API security posture
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---
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**Last Updated**: 2025-01-27
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**Next Review**: After Phase 1 completion
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